CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm

Consulting

News & Views

UK asset owners enter second wave of nature-positive investing

UK asset owners are embarking on a new phase of nature-positive investing, as allocations to the asset class, once limited to the largest investors, are now increasingly being adopted by smaller funds, industry experts say

News & Views

Big oil’s step back is a signal to shareholders

Rohan Bowater, co-founder and lead oil and gas analyst at Accela Research argues that BP's doubling down on oil and gas mean shareholders need to acclerate their stewardship efforts

Briefs
News & Views

Shareholder transition: the path to decarbonising oil and gas

Shu Ling Liauw, CEO of Accela Research and Kevin Paul, responsible investment director at Ruffer examine how energy firms can work with shareholders to develop credible transition plans and unlock capital for the energy transition

News & Views

Canada’s Boreal:  how investors can widen their stewardship efforts on nature

Ahead of this week’s PRI In Person Event in Toronto, Will Martindale, co-founder of Canbury reflects on a visit to Canada’s Boreal Forest urging investors to widen their efforts on nature stewardship

News & Views

Ambition and ambivalence: the story of corporate transition plans

Nico Fettes, climate research director at sustainability data provider Clarity AI casts a critical eye on corporate climate transition plans

News & Views

Climate Action 100+ exits- a crisis of stewardship?

Climate Action 100+ exits and the Exxon case against shareholders raise the question: can asset owners still exercise influence over climate transition planning at oil and gas firms?

News & Views

Why investors should think more seriously about oil prices

Oil companies and their investors are betting big on a delayed transition yet their misalignment with net-zero is a recipe for financial disaster, NGOs and thinktank sources claim

Briefs
Briefs
News & Views

Better policymaking will stop short-termism from holding back net zero

Part IV of NZI’s Putting a Price on Pollution Series looks at short-term pressures that are complicating the green transition

Briefs

Energy strategist: Financial sector incurring up to $4trn of externality costs from fossil fuels

Strategist Kingsmill Bond warned that investments by the financial sector in the fossil fuel system is creating large externality costs

News & Views

Seven reasons why policymakers aren’t accelerating the green transition

Net Zero Investor kicks off its Putting a Price on Pollution Series by looking at why policymakers are reluctant to implement stronger anti-pollution policies

Briefs