• Atmospheric CO2 /Parts per Million /Annual Averages /Data Source: noaa.gov

  • 1980338.91ppm

  • 1981340.11ppm

  • 1982340.86ppm

  • 1983342.53ppm

  • 1984344.07ppm

  • 1985345.54ppm

  • 1986346.97ppm

  • 1987348.68ppm

  • 1988351.16ppm

  • 1989352.78ppm

  • 1990354.05ppm

  • 1991355.39ppm

  • 1992356.1ppm

  • 1993356.83ppm

  • 1994358.33ppm

  • 1995360.18ppm

  • 1996361.93ppm

  • 1997363.04ppm

  • 1998365.7ppm

  • 1999367.8ppm

  • 2000368.97ppm

  • 2001370.57ppm

  • 2002372.59ppm

  • 2003375.14ppm

  • 2004376.96ppm

  • 2005378.97ppm

  • 2006381.13ppm

  • 2007382.9ppm

  • 2008385.01ppm

  • 2009386.5ppm

  • 2010388.76ppm

  • 2011390.63ppm

  • 2012392.65ppm

  • 2013395.39ppm

  • 2014397.34ppm

  • 2015399.65ppm

  • 2016403.09ppm

  • 2017405.22ppm

  • 2018407.62ppm

  • 2019410.07ppm

  • 2020412.44ppm

  • 2021414.72ppm

  • 2022418.56ppm

Defined Benefit

News & Views

Transition planning takes centre stage at COP28

In the wake of Finance Day at COP28, investor coalitions on climate change took the opportunity to outline their guidelines on transition planning

News & Views

Oil and gas: to divest or not to divest?

As some oil and gas companies have backtracked on their net zero commitments in the past year is now the time to divest?

News & Views

Trustees call for a re-definition of fiduciary duty to drive net zero transition

At the Pensions and Lifetime Savings Associations’ ESG conference in London, trustees and campaigners warn that fiduciary duty is hindering pension funds’ ability to allocate capital towards climate solutions.

News & Views

Anna-Stina Wiklund: ‘How we integrate biodiversity criteria across asset classes’

Anna-Stina Wiklund, head of responsible investing at Finland’s €1.8bn Church Pension Fund outlines how the fund applies biodiversity criteria across all asset classes to support its net zero by 2035 target

News & Views

Tony Juniper: “The human economy is a wholly owned subsidiary of nature”

Net Zero Investor sat down with Tony Juniper, chair of Natural England to discuss the long-term case for nature positive investments

News & Views

How goals-based liability indices can help pension funds meet net zero targets

Arun Muralidhar, co-founder of Alpha Engine Global Investment Solutions LLC and M-cube Investment Technologies LLC and Roland van den Brink, founder of Trignum, argue that pension funds could use goals based investing to meet their net zero targets

News & Views

Chandra Gopinathan on bondholder stewardship: ‘We have to create new accountability mechanisms’

With bonds making a comeback, Net Zero Investor spoke to Railpen's Chandra Gopinathan about his efforts to create greater accountability on climate targets for bond issuers

Briefs
News & Views

After mass-divestment of oil and gas, AP Pension plans to ramp up wind and solar allocations

Danish pension giant AP Pension is coming down hard on fossil fuel firms, removing dozens of oil and gas companies from its investment portfolio. Responsible investment head Anna Maria Fibla Moeller explains the pension's new energy strategy

News & Views

LGPS investors look to natural capital to drive their net zero transition

UK local authority asset owners are showing increased interest in natural capital to help decarbonise and diversify their portfolios

News & Views

Border to Coast CEO Rachel Elwell: ‘asset owners risk overselling what they can deliver’

Asset owners should manage expectations better, as the rapidly evolving climate finance ecosystem makes it increasingly challenging to set long-term goals that are achievable

Briefs
News & Views

Funding the wood for the trees: UK investors turn to timberland to decarbonise their portfolios

Aysha Gilmore explores how UK asset owners are investing in carbon offsets such as timberland to help them transition to net zero

News & Views

CalPERS doubles climate solutions: ‘The first objective is to create outperformance’

CalPERS, the largest public pension fund in the US is planning a significant overhaul of its climate strategy, including doubling its investments in climate solutions by the end of the decade

News & Views

Higher rates pose challenge for renewables

As developers pull out of wind projects in the US and UK, how can investors in renewables protect themselves in an increasingly challenging environment?