CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm

Impact

Briefs
Briefs

Rest allocates $150m to Australian climate investor Wollemi Capital

The Australian super fund’s backing will help Wollemi launch its first managed vehicle

News & Views

How can investors meet the 2025 deforestation deadline?

Jeff Milder, director of the Accountability Framework initiative (AFi), explores how financial institutions can engage their portfolios to tackle GHG emissions linked to deforestation in company supply chains

Briefs
News & Views

“Unprecedented” private market demand for nature-based solutions

Investors are tapping into a once-in-a-generation wave to drive decarbonisation and halt biodiversity loss, AXA IM claims

News & Views

Growing returns: West Yorkshire’s Darran Ward on cultivating natural capital investments

The head of alternatives for WYPF explains why the fund is investing not only in forestry but also nature-based infrastructure solutions, sustainable agriculture, restoration and biodiversity projects.

Briefs
News & Views

Reflections COP16 - the role of empathy in nature-based investments

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News & Views

Barbados completes debt-for-climate swap to address water shortages

The government of Barbados has successfully completed its first debt-for-climate swap aimed at making the island nation more resilient to climate change

News & Views

Can the $300bn COP29 NQCG pledge crowd in $1trn of investments?

COP29 concluded after more than 30 hours of delay, with a last-minute pledge to commit $300bn annually to climate finance over the next decade. But will this commitment be enough to attract an additional $1trn from private investors each year?

Partner Content

Why nature and renewables are inextricably linked

Zara Rourke, ecologist at Bluefield, outlines why the maintaining biodiversity plays a crucial role in the firm’s management of renewables assets.

Streaming
Podcast

NZI with Mona - COP 29 with Olga Hancock

Net Zero Investor editor Mona Dohle sits down with Olga Hancock, co-lead for the policy workstream at Net Zero Asset Owner Alliance and head of Responsible Investment at Church Commissioners for England in Baku to discuss how investors can tackle climate change.

News & Views

A drop in the ocean: scaling up the blue bonds market

Approximately 71% of the earth’s surface is covered by water, yet bonds designed to support marine conservation are so far only a small segment of the fixed income market, how can it be scaled up?

News & Views

How does biodiversity finance feature at COP 16?

Implementing the Global Biodiversity Framework is high on the agenda in Cali

News & Views

Balancing speed and impact: Aon’s Jo Sharples on net zero targets for DC

With net zero targets set, Aon's CIO for DC Solutions Jo Sharples discusses the need for real impact over symbolic actions and explains the potential of private markets to accelerate the transition