• Atmospheric CO2 /Parts per Million /Annual Averages /Data Source: noaa.gov

  • 1980338.91ppm

  • 1981340.11ppm

  • 1982340.86ppm

  • 1983342.53ppm

  • 1984344.07ppm

  • 1985345.54ppm

  • 1986346.97ppm

  • 1987348.68ppm

  • 1988351.16ppm

  • 1989352.78ppm

  • 1990354.05ppm

  • 1991355.39ppm

  • 1992356.1ppm

  • 1993356.83ppm

  • 1994358.33ppm

  • 1995360.18ppm

  • 1996361.93ppm

  • 1997363.04ppm

  • 1998365.7ppm

  • 1999367.8ppm

  • 2000368.97ppm

  • 2001370.57ppm

  • 2002372.59ppm

  • 2003375.14ppm

  • 2004376.96ppm

  • 2005378.97ppm

  • 2006381.13ppm

  • 2007382.9ppm

  • 2008385.01ppm

  • 2009386.5ppm

  • 2010388.76ppm

  • 2011390.63ppm

  • 2012392.65ppm

  • 2013395.39ppm

  • 2014397.34ppm

  • 2015399.65ppm

  • 2016403.09ppm

  • 2017405.22ppm

  • 2018407.62ppm

  • 2019410.07ppm

  • 2020412.44ppm

  • 2021414.72ppm

  • 2022418.56ppm

  • 2023421.08ppm

Research

News & Views

How Asia’s real estate investors are addressing physical risk

Real estate portfolios in Asia are increasingly vulnerable to climate change, what steps are investors taking to mitigate the risks?

Briefs
Briefs
News & Views

NZIF 2.0: new asset classes, focus on real world impact

Net Zero Investment Framework (NZIF) has been overhauled, including a greater emphasis on financing reduced emissions and widening the asset classes in the scope of the framework

News & Views

Germany plans to raise €50bn for energy transition fund

German municipal utilities firms are eyeing the institutional investment market to raise cash for the energy transition

Streaming
Podcast

NZI with Nawar - Science Based Targets Initiative

Nawar AlSaadi CEO of Kanata Advisors and Atharva Deshmukh, head of research at Net Zero Investor take a closer look at the recent controversy at the Science Based Targets initiative (SPTi) around the use of carbon credits to offset some Scope 3 emissions.

News & Views

“Death by a thousand cuts” - why climate risk isn’t priced in

Riccardo Rebonato, professor at EDHEC Business School doesn't believe climate change will trigger a Minsky moment, he explains why investors should still be wary of current valuations

Streaming
Podcast

NZI with Mona - climate stewardship for bonds

NZI editor Mona Dohle sat down with Josephine Richardson, managing director and head of research at the Anthropocene Fixed Income Institute to discuss the role of bonds in the net zero journey

News & Views

How bond markets can battle nature loss

Josephine Richardson, head of Research at the Anthropocene Fixed Income Institute examines how investors can steer nature positive outcomes in their bond holdings

News & Views

Norwegian investors ramp up voting engagement with oil and gas supermajors

Last AGM season Norwegian investors supported nearly all climate activist resolutions at oil and gas supermajors but will this behaviour continue in 2024?

News & Views

Research spotlight: how are major oil and gas firms scoring on transition planning?

Some of the world’s largest listed oil and gas firms have come under fire for insufficiently preparing for the energy transition. Research reveals significant divergence between firms, who are the leaders and laggards?

News & Views

Timing peak oil: are we heading for a delayed or timely transition?

Analysts are deeply divided when global demand for oil is likely to peak. NZI examines why asset owners are still struggling to manage the uncertainty around the transition timeline

News & Views

Is the dominance of the magnificent seven bad news for your carbon footprint?

Could US stock market concentration become a stumbling block on the road to net zero?

Briefs
News & Views

How ‘ordinary’ is the business of climate change?

For climate-related shareholder resolutions to work, they must first pass the ordinary business test