CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm

Netherlands

Briefs
News & Views

Speaking the same language: ABN Amro IS on net zero ambitions and manager alignment

As US and European investors diverge on climate commitments, ABN Amro IS’s Margot Seeley discusses how the firm uses engagement, voting transparency, and mandate structures to ensure manager alignment with net zero goals

Briefs
News & Views

Energy crisis impact dominates Shell AGM

The surge in oil and gas prices as a result of the closure of the Strait of Hormuz left its mark on today’s Shell AGM with investor support for greater climate risk planning dropping

News & Views

When members call the shots: how Pensioenfonds Detailhandel is turning its new impact commitment into action

Dutch pension fund Pensioenfonds Detailhandel embarked on a unique dialogue with its members, which resulted in a recommendation to triple impact investments. The fund's head of Responsible Investment Louise Kranenburg sets out why the fund sought feedback and how this will be put into action

Briefs
News & Views

BlackRock loses €5bn Dutch equity mandate over climate misalignment

US manager BlackRock has lost its second major Dutch equity mandate, amid a sustained push by asset owners to hold managers to account on climate change

Briefs
Briefs
Briefs
Briefs
Briefs
News & Views

In focus: Numeric, Acadian and Robeco among the managers benefiting from PGGM’s investment overhaul

Earlier this month, Dutch pension giant PGGM made headlines with a major shift in its equity portfolio, moving towards a more concentrated, actively managed approach. Which managers have been awarded mandates?

News & Views

PGGM ditches mandates with L&G and BlackRock amid sustainability push

Dutch pension giant PFZW has terminated a €14.5bn mandate with US manager BlackRock and a €15bn mandate with UK firm Legal & General amid a push towards active, sustainability-focused management

Briefs