CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm

Netherlands

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Dutch pension fund divests €2.8bn from Shell, BP and other fossil fuel firms

PFZW, the €237.8bn pension fund for workers in the Dutch healthcare and welfare sector has confirmed that it has now sold off the bulk of its fossil fuel holdings, including positions in Shell, BP and Total Energies

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NBIM ramps up net zero divestment and engagement

The $1.4trn manager of Norway’s sovereign wealth fund has released its responsible investment 2023 report, highlighting an increased focus on achieving its net zero commitments.

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Follow This ditches 2030 deadline ahead of Shell AGM

Campaign group Follow This has revealed that its resolution for the 2024 Shell AGM will abandon a hard date for interim targets and focus on the broader adoption of Scope 3 reporting

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How goals-based liability indices can help pension funds meet net zero targets

Arun Muralidhar, co-founder of Alpha Engine Global Investment Solutions LLC and M-cube Investment Technologies LLC and Roland van den Brink, founder of Trignum, argue that pension funds could use goals based investing to meet their net zero targets

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Investors and biodiversity: Young love, new challenges

Investors continue to struggle with integrating biodiversity in their decision-making process

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PGGM: ‘Effective stewardship is vital for net zero commitments’

Geraldine Leegwater, Chief Investment Management at PGGM and her colleague Colin Tissen, advisor Responsible Investment argue that asset managers should step up their came on climate stewardship

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PGGM’s Geraldine Leegwater: Pension funds must act for a liveable world

The PGGM investment chief speaks on the need for cooperation in sustainable finance, ongoing difficulties in the asset owner and manager relationship, and time running out for direct oil and gas engagement

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