CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Briefs

APG partners with Zurich pension fund for renewables co-investment

Dutch pension investor APG Asset Management and Swiss pension fund Pensionskasse Stadt Zürich (PKZH) have acquired a 38% stake in Kallista – a French renewable energy operator. The transaction marks an exit for Ardian, a private markets investor involved in Kallista’s growth over 17 years.


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In a statement, the pension investors noted the transaction’s significance in the company’s evolution – marking the introduction of both new and patient capital. The investors’ statement also noted their ‘long-term investment horizon and a common ambition to invest in infrastructure platforms supporting the decarbonisation of the energy system’.

Kallista has a track record of developing assets in onshore wind and solar energy. The company is also expanding its presence in battery energy storage systems. The assets are spread across Germany, France and the Netherlands.  APG has been a long-standing majority shareholder in Kallista.

“Having supported the company’s growth over the years, our decision to increase our investment reflects our conviction in Kallista’s role in accelerating the build-out of renewable energy capacity in Europe”, said Marjolaine Lopes, senior portfolio manager at APG. “We are also pleased to welcome PKZH as a new long-term partner and look forward to working together to support the next phase of the company’s development”, she added.

Ardian has now exited the asset after a 17 year holding period. “Over our 17 years holding period, Kallista has evolved from a 163 MW wind-farms platform into a diversified renewables power producer, with wind, solar, BESS and e-mobility businesses totalling 800 MW in operations or under construction”, commented Ardian’s managing director for infrastructure, Daniele Rizzolini.

The Kallista transaction expands the investment partnership between APG and Swiss pension funds. In 2024, APG on behalf of the Dutch pension fund ABP collaborated with PUBLICA, PKZH, Kanton Aargau and the Credit Suisse Group Pension Fund for a joint infrastructure equity investment programme.


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