CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
News & Views

Analysts see ‘buyer’s market’ in clean energy stocks

With listed clean energy firms having seen much of their market cap wiped out, could now be an opportune entry point to buying green energy stocks?

Renewables stocks have taken a battering in recent years as developers struggled with macroeconomic headwinds chiefly characterised by high inflation and rising interest rates.

The S&P Global Clean Energy Index, which tracks the performance of global clean energy companies, including renewable power producers and technology firms, went from highs of $2,114 in January 2021 to a low point of $706 in January 2025.

The world’s largest wind developer Ørsted went from 1,351 DKK in January 2021 to a dismal 271 DKK in February 2025, an 80% wipeout in value.

Yet some energy stock analysts think the market has now bottomed out and will only increase in value going forward.

Tancrede Fulop, senior equity analyst at Morningstar, told Net Zero Investor that he saw a “buyer’s market” consisting of “depressed valuations” for renewable developers, meaning their stock prices are lower than expected based on fundamentals.

The discount of listed renewables developers versus transaction multiples of companies like Neoen (a French renewable energy company) and Encavis (a German renewable energy firm),  which were acquired at very high prices, are "hard to justify", he continued.

Underpinning the fundamentals of renewables developers is the fact that “PPA [power purchase agreements] prices are holding well while construction costs are stabilising for onshore wind and receding for solar”, he said. “More M&As and a fall in interest rates" would further support the sector and drive up stock prices.

In January, the European Central Bank cut three key interest rates by 25 points while the US Federal Reserve held rates steady.

Inflation and interest rates are expected to continue to fall, at least in Europe, in the near future, though uncertainty around the potential for Trump’s policies, especially tariffs, to increase inflation and make interest rates higher for longer muddles the outlook.

Not all that is green and glitters is gold

Chris Berkouwer, equity portfolio manager at Robeco, also sees a “buyer’s market” for clean energy stocks emerging, but advocates for a selective approach.

“Several tough years” consisting of “tectonic geopolitical shifts, inflation shocks and, drastically changing interest rate regimes”, have given a “reality check” to sustainable investors, he argued.

The main lesson learnt is that investors should stick to classic investment principles and prioritise “quality business models” instead of painting “all green stocks with the same brush” and chasing “everything that is green”.

“It’s a company’s operational and financial track record that counts – not whether its business model needs incentives and ultra-low interest rates to survive, as has been the case with offshore wind and green hydrogen,” he said.

Regardless of government policy, he expects the buildout of renewable energy and clean tech to continue unabated.

Moreover, now that “expectations have been reset” and “valuation levels normalised”, the “hunting ground for climate transition investors looks attractive once again”.

Opportunities are especially apparent in areas related to “power infrastructure, building efficiency and the decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors”.

William de Vries, director of impact equities & bonds at Triodos IM, also noted “clear differences between companies in the renewable energy sector, which makes thorough bottom-up research a necessity”.

Despite the recent hard macroeconomic times faced by renewable developers, and certain “political headwinds”, especially in the US, Triodos IM’s view is that the “necessary” energy transition is far from completed. This means that the long-term growth prospects for the sector, backed by ambitious green transition plans, remain in place.

In addition, clean energy companies are taking action to adjust to the new realities, which will “likely support future profitability and performance”.


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