• Atmospheric CO2 /Parts per Million /Annual Averages /Data Source: noaa.gov

  • 1980338.91ppm

  • 1981340.11ppm

  • 1982340.86ppm

  • 1983342.53ppm

  • 1984344.07ppm

  • 1985345.54ppm

  • 1986346.97ppm

  • 1987348.68ppm

  • 1988351.16ppm

  • 1989352.78ppm

  • 1990354.05ppm

  • 1991355.39ppm

  • 1992356.1ppm

  • 1993356.83ppm

  • 1994358.33ppm

  • 1995360.18ppm

  • 1996361.93ppm

  • 1997363.04ppm

  • 1998365.7ppm

  • 1999367.8ppm

  • 2000368.97ppm

  • 2001370.57ppm

  • 2002372.59ppm

  • 2003375.14ppm

  • 2004376.96ppm

  • 2005378.97ppm

  • 2006381.13ppm

  • 2007382.9ppm

  • 2008385.01ppm

  • 2009386.5ppm

  • 2010388.76ppm

  • 2011390.63ppm

  • 2012392.65ppm

  • 2013395.39ppm

  • 2014397.34ppm

  • 2015399.65ppm

  • 2016403.09ppm

  • 2017405.22ppm

  • 2018407.62ppm

  • 2019410.07ppm

  • 2020412.44ppm

  • 2021414.72ppm

  • 2022418.56ppm

  • 2023421.08ppm

Risk Management

News & Views

Mining for Net Zero: Is a green commodities crisis around the corner?

Part II of NZI’s Mining for Net Zero series examines the implications of projected shortages in critical minerals needed for green technologies

News & Views

The silence score: how active are the world’s biggest investors on climate stewardship?

NZI takes a closer look at the stewardship practices of some of the world’s biggest investors in fossil fuels – and finds significant differences

News & Views

Pricing the unthinkable: Investors struggle to plan for AMOC collapse

The timeline and consequences of passing the collapse of the AMOC, a key climate tipping point, are still too uncertain to enable reliable analysis

Streaming
Podcast

Net Zero Investor Podcast - the financial risks of climate change to pensions

A look at the flawed assumptions of the impact of climate change on pensions with Mark Campanale and Professor Steve Keen.

News & Views

Minsky moment: are pension assets at risk due to flawed climate analysis?

Pension funds rely too heavily on sanguine consultant forecasts and underestimate the financial impact of climate change on their portfolios, economists warn

Briefs
News & Views

Exclusive: Risks are holding back clean energy investments, warns Swiss Re exec

While the renewable energy investment space is growing, Swiss Re's chief underwriting officer specialty warns such projects present major challenges for asset owners

News & Views

“Catastrophic market failure”: Mispricing gives edge to oil firms that won’t go net zero

Rewarding firms that are dragging their heels on the net zero transition could pose an investment risk, industry experts warn.

News & Views

Exclusive: ‘Divest if you foresee an acute risk,’ says Munich Re’s ESG chief

The head of ESG investments at Munich Re speaks about calculating and managing net zero risks in investment portfolios

News & Views

PensionDanmark’s ESG chief: ‘To maintain high returns, we take a little more risk’

PensionDanmark’s ESG head Jan Kæraa Rasmussen explains to Net Zero Investor why his pension fund is betting big on renewables

Briefs
Briefs
News & Views

Elo’s responsible investment chief: Together with other investors we have ‘more power’

Responsible investment head Anna Varpula at Finland’s Elo opens up about the firm’s engagement and stewardship approach

Briefs

Alecta fires CEO with immediate effect after $2bn SVB loss

Alecta sacks CEO with immediate effect after $2bn SVB loss

News & Views

The legal net zero swamp that is sucking ING and Citigroup down under

A controversial gas project in Australia is increasingly turning into a PR disaster for some of the world’s biggest banks