CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
News & Views

Investors predeclare vote against BP chair in protest at climate U-turn

A group of major investors in BP have confirmed that they will oppose the reappointment of the company’s outgoing chair, in protest at the firm’s scaled-back climate ambitions

BP shareholders including L&G, Robeco, Nest and the LGPS pool Border to Coast have announced that they will vote against the reappointment of BP chair Helge Lund to express their dissatisfaction with the energy giant’s revised strategy.

L&G, which holds a 1% stake in BP, said it was “deeply concerned by the recent substantive revisions made to the company’s strategy” and the lack of consultation with shareholders, and would vote against Lund’s reappointment.

Similarly, Border to Coast stated that the absence of shareholder engagement had been a factor in its decision to oppose the chair’s reappointment.

“We are taking the unprecedented step of voting against BP on a raft of measures at its upcoming AGM due to its failure to put its strategy reset to a shareholder vote. In addition to voting against the re-election of the chair of the Board, we intend to vote against the chair of the Sustainability Committee and members of the Nomination and Remuneration Committees, as well as against its annual report and remuneration report,” said Colin Baines, stewardship manager at Border to Coast Pensions Partnership.

BP is due to hold its AGM this Thursday, with no climate resolution having been filed. This is because the firm announced a major overhaul of its climate strategy in February, after the deadline for filing AGM resolutions had passed.

The new strategy, announced in February, includes scaling investments in new oil and gas exploration through to 2027, while significantly reducing investment in renewable energy.

Shareholders including L&G, Robeco, Nest and Border to Coast had called for a vote on the new strategy, but the energy firm opted not to put the matter to a shareholder vote.

Opposition to Lund’s reappointment comes as campaign groups such as Follow This and the Australasian Centre for Corporate Responsibility have also spoken out against his continued leadership.

Norges Bank Investment Management, one of the largest shareholders in BP according to Market Screener, has decided to vote in favour of Lund’s reappointment. US hedge fund Elliott Investment Management, which recently acquired a 5% stake in the company, has been approached for comment by Net Zero Investor but declined to disclose its voting stance. 

Other major shareholders, including US asset managers such as BlackRock, Vanguard and State Street, tend to declare their votes after the AGM has taken place.

The vote will be largely symbolic, as Lund has already announced plans to step down next year. However, it nevertheless sends a strong message, according to Nick Mazan, UK Company strategy lead at ACCR. “Whatever the size of the vote against Lund this week, a material percentage will be from investors concerned about the threat to value from successive rollbacks on climate, and the lack of accountability to shareholders along the way.”

BP’s change in strategy comes amid a global drop in oil prices, driven by growing market tensions over the threat of a global trade war. Analysts such as Goldman Sachs are now cutting their oil price forecasts below $60 a barrel for 2026, a level that would put pressure on the profitability of new oil exploration, which typically has higher break-even points.

“Investors are rightly concerned about BP’s retreat from capital discipline on its upstream business. Over the past five years, BP allocated six times more capital to its upstream business compared to its much-scrutinised low-carbon business, and yet it continues to underperform against the sector,” Mazan warned.


More on this:

NZI podcast: unpicking BP's transition strategy with Nick Mazan


Related Content